{
  "id": "CH08.P010",
  "oid": 203,
  "kind": "paragraph",
  "label": null,
  "work": "orthodoxy",
  "edition": "pg16769-r1",
  "work_metadata": {
    "title": "Orthodoxy",
    "authors": [
      "G. K. Chesterton"
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    "description": "G. K. Chesterton's Orthodoxy (1908), his account of how he came to Christian belief: the full text with annotations, cited sources and commentary.",
    "original_publication_year": 1908,
    "alternate_titles": [],
    "subjects": [
      "Christian apologetics",
      "Christianity",
      "Philosophy of religion",
      "Paradox",
      "G. K. Chesterton",
      "English literature, 20th century"
    ],
    "metadata_version": 2,
    "metadata_updated_at": "2026-11-07T20:29:57Z"
  },
  "parent": "CH08",
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  "prev": "CH08.P009",
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  "url": "/orthodoxy/pg16769-r1/CH08.P010",
  "text": "The things said most confidently by advanced persons to crowded audiences are generally those quite opposite to the fact; it is actually our truisms that are untrue. Here is a case. There is a phrase of facile liberality uttered again and again at ethical societies and parliaments of religion: \"the religions of the earth differ in rites and forms, but they are the same in what they teach.\" It is false; it is the opposite of the fact. The religions of the earth do _not_ greatly differ in rites and forms; they do greatly differ in what they teach. It is as if a man were to say, \"Do not be misled by the fact that the _Church Times_ and the _Freethinker_ look utterly different, that one is painted on vellum and the other carved on marble, that one is triangular and the other hectagonal; read them and you will see that they say the same thing.\" The truth is, of course, that they are alike in everything except in the fact that they don't say the same thing. An atheist stockbroker in Surbiton looks exactly like a Swedenborgian stockbroker in Wimbledon. You may walk round and round them and subject them to the most personal and offensive study without seeing anything Swedenborgian in the hat or anything particularly godless in the umbrella. It is exactly in their souls that they are divided. So the truth is that the difficulty of all the creeds of the earth is not as alleged in this cheap maxim: that they agree in meaning, but differ in machinery. It is exactly the opposite. They agree in machinery; almost every great religion on earth works with the same external methods, with priests, scriptures, altars, sworn brotherhoods, special feasts. They agree in the mode of teaching; what they differ about is the thing to be taught. Pagan optimists and Eastern pessimists would both have temples, just as Liberals and Tories would both have newspapers. Creeds that exist to destroy each other both have scriptures, just as armies that exist to destroy each other both have guns.",
  "length_cp": 1993,
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      "updated_at": "2026-11-07T18:31:03Z",
      "title": "Common ground was not necessarily identical doctrine",
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          "start": 248,
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            "approach": "Interlocutors and historical debates",
            "question": "Did the Parliament of Religions actually teach that religions differ only in their outward forms?"
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      "created_at": "2026-11-07T19:04:35Z",
      "updated_at": "2026-11-07T19:04:35Z",
      "title": "The freedom concealed in dogma: orthodoxy as a resource for reform",
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        "pass": "argument",
        "task": "Developing argument of chapter VIII, The Romance of Orthodoxy",
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