{
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  "oid": 165488,
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  "revision_oid": 165489,
  "work": "orthodoxy",
  "edition": "pg16769-r1",
  "title": "A modern Utopia that retains special ties",
  "anchors": [
    {
      "unit": "CH07.P037",
      "oid": 193,
      "role": null,
      "edition": "pg16769-r1",
      "paragraph": "CH07.P037",
      "exact": "their ultimate hope is the dissolution of all special ties",
      "start": 72,
      "end": 130,
      "prefix": "ch other rather doubtfully, for ",
      "suffix": ". But again I seem to hear, like",
      "url": "/orthodoxy/pg16769-r1/CH07.P037#char=72,130"
    }
  ],
  "body_markdown": "Wells supplies a useful contemporary test of this sweeping characterization, though this sentence does not name him. In *A Modern Utopia* (1905), chapter VI, §4, marriage can end through misconduct, desertion, or other specified circumstances; a childless marriage may expire after a stipulated term. That differs sharply from Chesterton’s demand for an irrevocable bargain. Yet §5 also defends individual homes for children and relatively enduring parental unions. Wells considers repeated remarriage a danger to family coherence and favours continuity through the mother’s years of child-rearing, while allowing divorce for incompatibility. [*A Modern Utopia*, VI, §§4–5](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hgwells/1905/modern-utopia/ch06.htm).\n\nThe disagreement concerns the duration, grounds, and authority of obligations, rather than a simple choice between obligations and none. Wells is a documented comparison, not an established exclusive target. His qualifications also warn against treating Chesterton’s ‘all’ as a neutral inventory of modern Utopian proposals.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hgwells/1905/modern-utopia/ch06.htm",
      "title": "H. G. Wells, A Modern Utopia",
      "locator": "Chapter VI, ‘Women in a Modern Utopia,’ §4 (marriage termination and childlessness), §5 (home, successive marriages, and duration); inspected MIA HTML transcription",
      "exact": null
    }
  ],
  "citations": [],
  "external_references": [
    {
      "url": "https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hgwells/1905/modern-utopia/ch06.htm",
      "title": "*A Modern Utopia*, VI, §§4–5"
    }
  ],
  "limits": [
    "The online transcription identifies the work as 1905 but does not identify the print edition underlying its text.",
    "The collective ‘friends’ remain unidentified; Wells is not proven to be this sentence’s intended referent."
  ],
  "metadata": {
    "run": "chapter-07-restart-2026-11-07",
    "paragraph_investigator": "P037",
    "task": [
      {
        "approach": "Interlocutors and historical debates",
        "question": "Does a contemporary modern Utopia actually propose the dissolution of all special ties?"
      }
    ],
    "model": "gpt-6.1-sol"
  },
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  "created_at": "2026-11-07T18:08:03Z",
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  "cited_by": [
    {
      "id": "a_aogcpbn4",
      "revision": 1,
      "title": "A fixed ideal and the permanent work of reform",
      "url": "/a/a_aogcpbn4"
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